Journal of Archives in Military Medicine
Volume:10 Issue: 3, Sep 2022

Hyperhidrosis is known to cause numerous individual and social problems with sweating more than the body’s physiological needs. Researchers have discussed the causes of this disease so far; however, factors such as heredity, nervous system defects, infections, and drugs have been introduced as the causes.

Firstly, 127 articles were identified from different databases. After categorizing and removing duplicate papers and reviewing the abstracts and full texts, we selected 50 articles to review and include in this study.

Hyperhidrosis is a burdening disorder leading to physical and social problems. Hyperhidrosis patients are not able to efficiently use specific tools such as metallic and electronic devices. Limitations of this disorder show great concern about the performance of military personnel, too. Therapeuticmethods such as topical antiperspirants, anticholinergic drugs, surgery, and Botox injections are the therapeutic measures used to treat this disease; each of these treatments is prescribed at different stages of the disease, and the effect of each is observed. Topical treatment is at the forefront of treatment methods for this disease, followed by oral anticholinergic drugs. Iontophoresis is one of the methods considered in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. Besides surgery, Botox injection is one of the effective methods in treating this disease, especially in the palm.

This review presents standard treatment methods used in treating hyperhidrosis with particular attention to iontophoresis as an engineering solution to solve health problems. Based on the severity of sweating and the region of hyperhidrosis incidents, there are different solutions to treat hyperhidrosis. Topical and anticholinergic therapies are the most common treatment options. However, there are other more effective treatment methods, such as iontophoresis and Botox delivery. Iontophoresis is effective and has a long-term effect on preventing sweating with fewer side effects. Suction curettage surgery is an invasivemethod to treat patients with hyperhidrosis.

Working memory is one of the essential cognitive functions. Achieving the highest cognitive performance is especially important in critical jobs such as military and crisis management-related jobs. The thermal environment can cognitive functions. Humans have different thermal sensations in the same fixed temperature environments.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of thermal environment and thermal sensation on working memory.

Each of 20 male adult participants, physically and mentally healthy aged 19 - 29 years, experienced seven thermal conditions (office room climate: 14°C, 17°C, 20°C, 23°C, 26°C, 29°C, and 32°C) over four months. Before the test, they waited 40 minutes in the room for adaptation. The thermal sensation questions were asked from them, and working memory was measured with the n-back test.

In this experiment, 140 working memory data were collected. The relationship between air temperature and working memory was significant in two of six conditions. The relationship between thermal sensation and working memory was significant in all six conditions. Participants had various thermal sensations in the same fixed thermal environment.

Thermal sensation significantly affected the working memory of the environment users. Working memory was more related to changes in people’s thermal sensation than changes in ambient temperature. Adjusting the ambient temperature based on the user’s thermal sensation increases cognitive performance and prevents working memory loss.

Penetrating abdominal injuries are common injuries faced by surgeons at peripheral hospitals. The prime source of morbidity and mortality of these injuries are bleeding and visceral perforation. These injuries demand instantaneous resuscitation, with shifting of the patient to tertiary care center with multimodality surgical facility in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with the patient.

Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection with very high mortality and is due to evolving synergistic polymicrobial infections of aerobes and anaerobes in perineum and genital area. Multiple predisposing factors include diabetesmellitus, alcoholism, immunosuppression, renal and hepatic disease. In the vastmajority of cases, scrotum ismost commonly affected.

The prognosis of the disease is not limited to the patient’s age, disease extent, and comorbidities. Treating such cases is always challenging for a surgeon and requires high expertise and quick decision.

The aim of this report is to share our experience of a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach to this disease in peripheral hospital with resource constraints.

The most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract is the Meckel’s diverticulum which is a true diverticulum, involving the whole walls of the small intestine. John Friedrich Meckel described the embryological basis for congenital diverticulum of the midgut in 1809. Meckel’s diverticulum is complicated with enterolithiasis in 3 - 10% of cases. Adults with Meckel’s diverticulum are most likely to present with intestinal obstruction. Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band rarely cause acute small bowel obstruction. However, we did a thorough literature search, and we were unable to find a single case where both Meckel’s primary enterolith and Meckel’s mesodiverticular band were causing acute small bowel obstruction and perforation. We report such a case, and ours is the first of its type.

 The serratus anterior (SA) muscle is an important scapular stabilizer and has a profound role in retaining the scapulohumeral rhythm. Therefore, modified push-up plus (MPUP) has been advised to strengthen this muscle as a closed chain workout. However, few previous studies have reported the possibility of a reparative motion from pectoralis major (PM) that could replace and amend SA's function during push-up plus.

 The current study examined MPUP's effect using biofeedback EMG on some of the selected scapular stabilizers.

 Sixteen healthy young subjects voluntarily participated in this study. Each subject performed push-ups, from the quadruped position, under two conditions (i.e., with or without visual and auditory biofeedback). Surface EMG measured pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and upper trapezius activity. A paired t-test was used to determine any statistically significant difference between the two conditions. Additionally, the effect size was calculated to quantify the magnitude of EMG biofeedback in each muscle.

 MPUP training using biofeedback significantly increased SA muscle activity and decreased PM muscle activity, but there was no significant change in UT activity.

 Excessive PM activity was repressed because of biofeedback, and the workout was done with the enhancement of SA muscular activity. Thus, including biofeedback while doing MPUPs helps limit PM's supplementary action and enhance SA muscle activity.